Science & Technology
RESULTS OF THE MAIRE FOUNDATION STUDY AT COP29 IN BAKU: PEOPLE IN AZERBAIJAN AND KAZAKHSTAN AWARE OF THE URGENCY OF THE ENERGY TRANSITION
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• 55% of Azerbaijani respondents say that the energy transition is a priority, in line with European countries
• 64% of Azerbaijani respondents (more than the United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia and India) and 53% in Kazakhstan (more than Italy, the United Kingdom, the United States and China itself) consider energy transition crucial to combat climate change
• Energy transition training and professional development are crucial issues in both Kazakhstan and Azerbaijan for over 80% of those interviewed, more than in India (71%), USA and Saudi Arabia (75%)
• The study covers 12 countries in 4 continents for a total of over 2,000 interviews carried out by IPSOS, an international market research company
Milan/Baku, 20 November 2024 – Awareness of the importance of the energy transition and the benefits that it can bring to the environment, the economy and society, is growing, including in countries with fossil-based economies such as Azerbaijan and Kazakhstan. This is what clearly emerges from a study by the Fondazione MAIRE – ETS, the foundation of Italy-based technology and engineering group MAIRE, carried out in cooperation with IPSOS, a renown international market research company. The study, “Climate goals: winning the challenge of climate goals through the creation of skills and competences worldwide. Addendum 1: focus Azerbaijan – Kazakhstan”, was launched during COP29 in Baku.
The 2024 edition adds two more countries, Azerbaijan and Kazakhstan, bringing the total panel to 12 (Italy, UK, US, Turkey, KSA, UAE, Algeria, Chile, China, India, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan), with 2,000 interviews of a highly educated sample of the population, in addition to opinion leaders.
The study, sponsored by MAIRE’s subsidiaries NEXTCHEM and TECNIMONT, shows that the international community is increasingly aware that energy transition requires new skills to create business and job opportunities. In general, the study finds that respondents believe in the long-term value and positive impact of the energy transition, despite the perceived short-term challenges and costs. The countries that face a major challenge in the transition to a sustainable economy based on renewable and circular solutions are those that will need the most investments in training and skill building in the coming years.
In Azerbaijan, 55% of the respondents considers the energy transition as a priority, compared to 39% of interviewees in Kazakhstan, indicating a growing consciousness of environmental issues and the potential economic opportunities they offer, and suggesting a fertile ground for future energy transition initiatives.
The energy transition process needs a substantial upskilling of the workforce in both Azerbaijan and Kazakhstan. A widespread recognition of this need is evident, with most individuals acknowledging their need for additional training in energy transition-related topics. This prospect is particularly appealing in those regions where traditional energy sector jobs may be at risk, offering a path for economic diversification.
The required skills range from technical expertise to soft skills. In Kazakhstan, with its vast natural resources and existing energy infrastructure, a primary focus is on analyzing and assessing the environmental impact. In Azerbaijan, where there’s a growing emphasis on diversifying the energy sector, developing expertise in solar, wind, and other renewable energy sources is vital for the country’s transition towards a more sustainable energy mix.
In Azerbaijan, problem-solving abilities are considered a priority, as the transition presents several challenges that require innovative solutions. In Kazakhstan, critical thinking skills are considered essential for analyzing complex data, evaluating alternative approaches, and making informed decisions.
By investing in human capital and fostering a knowledgeable and skilled workforce, Azerbaijan and Kazakhstan can not only contribute to global climate goals but also position themselves advantageously in the emerging green economy landscape.
Fondazione MAIRE and MAIRE Group Chairman Fabrizio Di Amato commented: “The results of this study on Azerbaijan and Kazakhstan demonstrate that the energy transition is possible in every country, by adopting a gradual approach. All available technological solutions can contribute to the energy transition, including decarbonized gas. I hope that our Foundation’s commitment will help accelerate the adoption of public policies to implement training programs for the essential skills needed to support this paradigm shift.”
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MAIN TAKEAWAYS FROM 2024 EDITION OF THE STUDY
In Azerbaijan and in Kazakhstan 96% and 93% of respondents respectively have heard of the energy transition: 43% in Azerbaijan (higher than China) and 29% in Kazakhstan (the lowest rate of the 12 countries) are “very familiar” with it
– 39% of respondents in Kazakhstan and 55% in Azerbaijan said the energy transition was a priority, in line with European countries (and almost the same as Italy), behind India, Turkey, China (65-70%)
– 64% of respondents in Azerbaijan (higher than UAE, Saudi Arabia and India) and 53% in Kazakhstan (higher than Italy, UK, US and same as China) believe that the energy transition is crucial to combat climate change
– In the short term, costs will outweigh benefits for 57% of respondents in Kazakhstan and for 31% in Azerbaijan (aligned with Turkey)
– Training and upskilling are crucial both in Kazakhstan and in Azerbaijan for more than 80% of respondents, more than in India (71%), USA and SA (75%)
– 62% of respondents in Azerbaijan and 58% in Kazakhstan believe it is necessary to improve problem solving skills
– Respondents from Kazakhstan said the most-required soft skill is critical thinking (68%) and the presence of skilled professionals for the energy transition they believe should be improved (82%).
Fondazione MAIRE – ETS is the corporate foundation of MAIRE Group. The Fondazione MAIRE – ETS has defined as its own mission to foster the training of tomorrow’s “humanist engineers” who will be able to apply their broad vision and multidisciplinary knowledge to contribute to the energy transition; it carries out projects to combat educational poverty, to grant equitable access to educational opportunities, with a focus on contexts of social marginalization. Fondazione MAIRE – ETS also manages the historical archives of the MAIRE Group, a precious documentary heritage of Italian projects in engineering and architecture, seeing to their preservation and promoting greater awareness of them and their use by an ever-widening public. For further information: www.fondazionemaire.com.
MAIRE S.p.A. is a leading technology and engineering group focused on advancing the Energy Transition. We provide Integrated E&C Solutions for the downstream market and Sustainable Technology Solutions, the latter through three business lines: Sustainable Fertilizers, Low-Carbon Energy Vectors, and Circular Solutions. With operations across 45 countries, MAIRE employs over 9,300 people, supported by a global network of 20,000 project partners. MAIRE is listed on the Milan Stock Exchange (ticker “MAIRE”). For further information: www.groupmaire.com.
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Science & Technology
Quantum Computing Breakthrough: Data Security Implications
MIT’s new quantum algorithm could revolutionize data processing, posing significant challenges for current cryptographic systems. This article explores the implications for data security and potential solutions to counteract quantum threats.
The recent breakthrough in quantum computing by researchers at MIT marks a pivotal moment in the field of data security. On August 19, 2026, Nature published the details of a new quantum algorithm capable of processing data at speeds previously unimaginable. While this innovation holds enormous potential for advancing machine learning and other computational fields, it simultaneously presents a formidable challenge to the current cryptographic systems relied upon to safeguard sensitive information.
At the core of contemporary data security is the reliance on encryption techniques that depend on the complexity of certain mathematical problems, such as the factoring of large numbers, which are currently infeasible for classical computers to solve within a practical timeframe. However, quantum computers, with their ability to perform calculations exponentially faster than traditional machines, threaten to render these encryption methods obsolete. This development could have profound implications for sectors that prioritize data security, including finance, healthcare, and government, where sensitive data is at risk of exposure.
The immediate concern for cybersecurity experts is the potential for quantum computers to crack widely used encryption protocols, such as RSA and ECC, which form the backbone of secure internet communications. The computational power unleashed by quantum algorithms could theoretically decrypt encrypted data in a fraction of the time required by classical computers, leaving digital communications vulnerable to interception and exploitation.
In response to this looming threat, researchers and industry experts are actively exploring the development of quantum-resistant algorithms. These algorithms are designed to withstand the capabilities of quantum computing, ensuring the confidentiality and integrity of data even in a post-quantum world. Efforts in this direction include the study of lattice-based cryptography, hash-based signatures, and multivariate polynomial equations as potential foundations for secure encryption systems.
The urgency to develop and implement quantum-resistant cryptography is underscored by the rapid pace of advancements in quantum technology. Tech companies, governments, and academic institutions are investing heavily in research to safeguard their data infrastructures against quantum threats. The transition to quantum-resistant systems, however, is not without its challenges. It requires a comprehensive overhaul of existing cryptographic frameworks and widespread adoption across industries, a process that demands both time and resources.
Despite these challenges, the potential benefits of quantum computing in fields such as artificial intelligence, pharmaceuticals, and materials science cannot be overlooked. The same capabilities that pose a threat to data security also offer the promise of unprecedented advancements in computational power, enabling breakthroughs that were previously beyond reach.
As the world stands on the brink of a quantum revolution, the dual-edged nature of this technological leap is clear. While the security of our digital world faces new threats, the opportunity for innovation and progress is equally profound. The path forward will require a concerted effort to balance the risks and rewards of quantum computing, ensuring that the transformative potential of this technology is harnessed responsibly and securely.
In the coming years, as quantum technologies continue to evolve, the focus will be on developing robust standards for quantum-resistant cryptography and fostering collaboration between academia, industry, and government to navigate this new frontier. The race to secure our digital future in the face of quantum capabilities is not just a technical challenge but a strategic imperative that will shape the landscape of cybersecurity for decades to come.
Science & Technology
AI-Driven Tools Propel Mars Exploration to New Heights
NASA’s latest Mars mission features AI-driven tools in its rover, enabling autonomous navigation and faster data transmission, marking a significant advancement in space exploration technology.
NASA’s latest mission to Mars has captivated both scientific communities and the public, as the new rover equipped with AI-driven exploration tools begins its journey across the Martian landscape. Wired’s August 2026 report highlights the rover’s ability to autonomously navigate the challenging terrain while making real-time decisions, significantly enhancing the efficiency of data collection. This innovation is poised to revolutionize the way robotic missions are conducted in space.
The rover’s sophisticated communication systems represent another leap forward, allowing for faster and more reliable data transmission back to Earth. These advancements mean that scientists can receive critical information more swiftly, enabling them to adjust mission parameters as needed. According to Wired, this capability is essential for responding to unexpected findings and maximizing the scientific value of each mission.
Moreover, the integration of AI tools in the rover’s design marks a pivotal shift towards reducing dependence on Earth-based commands. As Wired notes, this development could pave the way for future missions that operate with greater autonomy, setting the stage for more complex and prolonged explorations of Mars. The implications of this technology extend beyond current missions, suggesting a future where human exploration of Mars is supported by highly capable robotic counterparts.
As NASA continues to push the boundaries of space exploration, the success of this mission will likely influence the design and execution of future endeavors. The potential for these AI-driven tools to transform space exploration is immense, promising a new era of discovery and innovation on the red planet and beyond.
Science & Technology
Quantum Computing Breakthroughs: Disrupting Industries with Oxford’s Innovations
A recent breakthrough in quantum computing at the University of Oxford promises to disrupt multiple industries by significantly enhancing computational capabilities. Explore the technological implications and potential disruptions poised to redefine sectors.
In May 2026, the University of Oxford announced a significant breakthrough in the field of quantum computing, unveiling an advanced error correction algorithm that has the potential to transform computational capabilities. This development is not just a scientific triumph; it heralds a new era of technological disruption across multiple industries. Quantum computing, long anticipated as the next frontier in technology, promises to solve complex problems beyond the reach of classical computers, and Oxford’s latest advancement brings this closer to reality.
At the core of this breakthrough is the enhancement in quantum error correction, a critical component that addresses the inherent instability of qubits, which are the fundamental units of quantum information. Traditional computers use bits of 0s and 1s, but quantum computers operate on qubits, which can exist in multiple states simultaneously. This superposition allows quantum computers to process information exponentially faster than classical computers. However, qubits are notoriously prone to errors due to environmental noise and operational inaccuracies. Oxford’s new algorithm significantly improves the error correction process, maintaining qubit stability longer and allowing extended computational tasks to be performed accurately.
The implications of this are profound. Industries ranging from pharmaceuticals to finance stand on the cusp of disruption as quantum computing offers the ability to model complex molecular structures, optimize large-scale financial portfolios, and even revolutionize artificial intelligence algorithms. In pharmaceuticals, for example, quantum computing can expedite drug discovery by accurately simulating molecular interactions, potentially reducing the time and cost associated with bringing new drugs to market. Similarly, in finance, quantum algorithms can optimize trading strategies and risk management with a precision unattainable by current technologies.
Moreover, the ripple effects of such a leap in computational power extend to data encryption and cybersecurity. Quantum computers possess the potential to decrypt classical encryption methods, prompting a race for quantum-resistant cryptography. This necessitates a paradigm shift in how we secure digital information, affecting every sector that relies on data security.
Despite the tremendous promise, the transition to quantum computing is not without its challenges. The infrastructure required to support quantum technologies is expensive and complex. There is also a significant skills gap; experts in quantum computing are scarce, and training a new generation of scientists and engineers is imperative. Furthermore, ethical considerations regarding the power of quantum computing must be addressed, particularly in terms of privacy and security.
Looking forward, as quantum computing continues to evolve, industries will need to adapt swiftly to harness its capabilities. Early adopters who invest in quantum technologies and develop quantum-ready strategies will likely dominate in the coming decade. As Oxford’s breakthrough demonstrates, the race is on to fully realize the potential of quantum computing and redefine the boundaries of what is technologically possible.
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